中条山北麓断裂中南段全新世地震事件的初步研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2015.01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过对中条山北麓断裂进行探槽研究, 揭露了全新世以来, 断裂中段和南段的3次古地震事件, 包括1次发生在8 570～8 010a BP、贯通断裂中段和南段的8级以上特大地震, 以及4 800～6 010a BP和2 110～320a BP发生的2次7级左右的大地震, 地震复发间隔约为3 500a。研究表明, 中条山北麓断裂的南段和中段在全新世发生过多次活动, 活动性较强。

关键词: 中条山北麓断裂, 古地震, 探槽研究, 活动断层, 全新世

Abstract:

Shanxi Graben System(SGS)is a NNE-trending tectonic system located in the eastern and southern edges of Ordos Block and between Yinshan tectonic zone and Qinling tectonic zone. Composited with a series of NNE-, NE-trending graben basins, SGS is an important seismic zone in North China. Yuncheng Basin locates in the southern end of SGS, and is the deepest basin of the system. It is a half-graben with a shallow northern part and a deep southern part. As the south and east boundary of Yuncheng Basin, the North Zhongtiaoshan Fault Zone(NZFZ)played a key role in the development of the topology and tectonics setting of Yuncheng Basin. NZFZ is a normal fault zone, NE- to NEE-trending and 130km long. This fault zone can be divided into 3 segments: the south, the middle, and the north segment, and there are no historical M≥7, but only 3 M=6 have taken place. Previous study suggests that the tectonic activity in this area is low and the earthquake interval is relatively long; seismic activity in the north and south segments is the weakest: the earthquake recurrence interval in the north segment is >50ka and it has not been active for >50ka, the interval of the south segment is ～12ka and its last movement is about 7ka ago. Our work tells a different story: based on thorough fieldwork, satellite imagery analysis, and trench investigation, we found that there have been multiple earthquake events taking place in all of the 3 segments during Holocene. This study includes two trenches that locate in the south and middle segments of NZFZ, each of them renders 3 paleo-earthquake events: a 10 570～8 010a BP event, an around 6 670～6 550a BP event, and a 2 110～320a BP event in TC-1; a 7 930～11 300a BP event, a 4 800～6 010a BP event, and a 2 680a BP event in TC-2. Through comparing these events with other 2 trenches in the middle segment of NZFZ(a XTC trench that renders a 19 980a BP event and a 8 570～7 780a BP event with >2.2m vertical displacement; a XLC trench that renders a 8 980～7 340a BP event with ～1.8m vertical displacement), we identified: a 8 570～8 010a BP event which broke through both middle and south segment of NZFZ with a largest known vertical displacement of >2.2m and 95km surface rupture, a 4 800～6 010a BP and a 2 110～320a BP event with 7～30km surface ruptures and largest known vertical displacements of 0.7m and 1.2m, respectively. The recurrence interval of these events is about 3 500a. Calculated with empirical formula of normal fault in North China, the magnitude of the 8 570～8 010a BP earthquake should be at least 8.0, and the magnitudes of the 4 800～6 010a BP and 2 110～320a BP events are both ≈7.0. These findings suggest that, as a Holocene active fault zone which made up with multiple faults, the middle and south segments of NZFZ have shown strong seismic activity and have triggered multiple earthquake events during the Holocene. Contrary to previous study, the activity of south segment might not be the weakest, and it is possible that the south segment is more seismic active than the middle segment.

Key words: north Zhongtiaoshan Fault zone, paleoearthquake, trenching investigation, active fault, Holocene

中图分类号:

P315.2

王怡然, 李有利, 闫冬冬, 吕胜华, 司苏沛. 中条山北麓断裂中南段全新世地震事件的初步研究[J]. 地震地质, 2015, 37(1): 1-12.

WANG Yi-ran, LI You-li, YAN Dong-dong, LÜ|Sheng-hua, SI Su-pei. HOLOCENE PALEOSEISMOLOGY OF THE MIDDLE AND SOUTH SEGMENTS OF THE NORTH ZHONGTIAOSHAN FAULT ZONE, SHANXI[J]. SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY, 2015, 37(1): 1-12.

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