大凉山断裂带中段普雄断裂晚第四纪古地震

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2016.04.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大凉山断裂带是中国大陆大型强震断裂带鲜水河-小江断裂系的重要组成部分，其中段的普雄断裂是断裂带中最长的1条次级断裂。该次级断裂的古地震活动情况对评价该区域地震活动水平和建立地震灾害预防措施具有重要意义。近年开展的活动断层填图和古地震探槽研究表明普雄断裂是1条晚更新世以来活动强烈的略向W倾的高角度左旋走滑断层。沿断裂开挖的2个探槽分别揭露了2次和3次古地震事件，分别发生在8206 BC-1172 AD、1084-1549 AD和17434-7557 BC、1577-959 BC、927-1360 AD。结合探槽古地震结果和历史地震记载，进行建模分析得到断裂的离逝时间约为0.7ka，与距今倒数第2次事件的时间间隔约为2.3ka。同时，根据震级与地表破裂长度的经验公式估算古地震事件震级在7级以上。

关键词: 大凉山断裂带, 普雄断裂, 古地震探槽, 离逝时间

Abstract:

Daliangshan fault zone (DFZ) constitutes an indispensable part of Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system which is one of the main large continental strong earthquake faults in China.Puxiong Fault,the east branch of middle segment of DFZ,is the longest secondary fault.Its paleoseismic activity plays an important role in evaluating regional seismic activity level and building countermeasures of preventing and reducing the earthquake damage.The active fault mapping as well as the study of paleoseismological trench in recent years illustrates that Puxiong Fault is a slightly west-dipping high-angle left-lateral strike-slip fault with strong activity since late Pleistocene.Two trenches excavated across this fault reveal 2 and 3 paleoearthquakes that ruptured the fault at 8206 BC-1172 AD,1084-1549 AD,and 17434-7557 BC,1577-959 BC and 927-1360 AD,respectively.The OxCal model combining the results from both trenches and the another one in previous study across the fault with the historical earthquake record yields the elapsed time of~0.7ka of the latest paleoearthquake event,and the interval time is~2.3ka between the last two events.In the model,the penultimate event is considered to be recorded in all trenches.As all the three trenches are located at north part of the Puxiong Fault whose strike is apparently different from the south part,the~57km long north secondary segment is supposed to be the seismogenic structure of the paleoearthquake.According to the empirical scaling laws between magnitude and rupture length,the magnitude of the surface ruptured paleoearthquake is estimated to be more than M7 with the coseismic displacement~3.5m.However,the difference between the time of the paleoearthquake events on the middle and south segments of DFZ illustrates their independence as earthquake fracture units,and furthermore,the lower connectivity and the new generation of DFZ.

Key words: Daliangshan fault zone, Puxiong Fault, palaeoearthquake trench, elapsed time

中图分类号:

P315.2

高伟, 何宏林, 孙浩越, 魏占玉. 大凉山断裂带中段普雄断裂晚第四纪古地震[J]. 地震地质, 2016, 38(4): 797-816.

GAO Wei, HE Hong-lin, SUN Hao-yue, WEI Zhan-yu. PALEOEARTHQUAKES ALONG PUXIONG FAULT OF DALIANGSHAN FAULT ZONE DURING LATE QUATERNARY[J]. SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY, 2016, 38(4): 797-816.

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