Formed in Mesozoic-Cenozoic time, the Kuche depression on the south side of Tianshan and the Urumqi depression on the north side of Tianshan demonstrate striking similarities in geometry, kinematics and dynamics. However, the seismic activities, especially middle and large earthquakes show evident differences between the two depressions. This paper analyses the primary factors that cause the differences. They include: 1. the difference in deformation extent between the two depressions; 2. the difference in fine structure of gophysics between the two depressions; 3. the difference in the environment of geodynamics between the two depressions.