SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 1417-1426.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2018.06.016

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A SYSTEM OF CAPACITIVE HIGH-VOLTAGE PULSE RECHARGE/DISCHARGE AND ITS IMPLICATION ON EXPERIMENTALLY TRIGGERED EARTHQUAKE

ZHANG Zhi-he1, GUO Yan-shuang2, CHEN Shun-yun2   

  1. 1 School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China;
    2 State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2018-06-28 Revised:2018-11-20 Online:2018-12-20 Published:2019-01-18

容性高压脉冲放电系统及其在触发地震实验研究中的意义

张智河1, 郭彦双2, 陈顺云2   

  1. 1 首都医科大学, 生物医学工程学院, 北京 100069;
    2 中国地震局地质研究所, 地震动力学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029
  • 通讯作者: 郭彦双,男,助理研究员,主要从事断层破裂与失稳过程实验工作,E-mail:guoysh@ies.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:张智河,男,1969年生,1997年于北京工业大学获理论物理学硕士学位,讲师,主要从事应用物理电子电路系统设计、嵌入式系统编程与研究,电话:010-83911847,E-mail:plasmac@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41474162)和中国地震局地质研究所基本科研业务专项(IGCEA1605)共同资助

Abstract: An external small disturbance may trigger seismic events when the fault is in a critical state. The problems related with earthquakes triggered by the dynamic stress such as blasting loads, impact loads, volcanic eruptions and strong earthquakes, have usually drawn wide concerns in earthquake science, and the corresponding research contents are quite extensive, including earthquake triggering mechanisms, triggering earthquake uncertainty, aftershock triggering, and so on. Among them, experimental research is an important way to understand the stress triggering conditions and physical mechanisms, such as the influence of load disturbance on fault friction traits, the influence of periodic disturbance of tidal stress on fault instability, etc., all of which can be gained through experimental investigations. Among them, "how to trigger" is a basic scientific problem to increase the understanding of earthquake prediction theory, thus receiving more attention. There are also some studies that focus on "what happened after the trigger", that is, the sliding instability generated by the triggering method, and then the evolution characteristics of the sliding instability process. The well-known experimental study of the super-shear rupture process is conducted by using the electric explosion method to trigger the fault instability, and the high-speed camera records the super-shear rupture during the fault instability. This means that when the trigger source is controllable, it is possible to generate different types of instability processes, and then to explore which earthquakes will be triggered at different time and space positions under different stress states by means of active triggering. The study of stability analysis and instability process has important scientific significance.A stable system of capacitive high-voltage pulse discharge and recharge is one of basic techniques for studying the triggered earthquakes in laboratory. Based on the wire electric explosion method, this paper develops a controllable trigger experiment system. By designing a new capacitive high-voltage pulse charge and discharge system, while considering the actual needs of monitoring and system timing, multiple functions are integrated into one system. Functionally, in addition to realizing the dynamic loading and unloading function of the wire electric explosion method, the discharge process can be monitored, and the triggering, synchronization and timing signal output is performed with other observation systems, thus realizing the whole process monitoring of the dynamic disturbance action. After testing, the following functions are achieved:1)The voltage and current of the high-voltage charging power supply system can be automatically adjusted, and the system can be shut off after charging; 2)Control modes include manual and remote controls. These two modes can control the recharge, release and pulse discharge of the high voltage capacitor; 3)The system can produce multi-channel synchronous output, which satisfy multiple systems working together. In particular, the remote sensing method greatly improves the experimental maneuverability and security; 4)The system has multiple sets of gas discharge tube to trigger discharge, with a wide range of discharge voltage of 500~5 000V; 5)Roche coil resistance integral current detection can meet the transient resistance, large current detection. Test results indicate that this system has good repeatability and stability with the same discharge energy and discharge energy regulator, which is conducive to carry out single channel trigger of high-pressure discharge experiment. In short, the new charging and discharging system can meet the requirements of experimental study of triggering earthquake. In addition, this system can be used to generate the stress disturbance under certain static and dynamic conditions, and then judge whether this kind of mechanical conditions in active fault systems is currently stable.In short, a controllable single-shot discharge system is developed by a capacitive high-voltage pulse discharge system, which provides a good technical basis for experimental research on triggering earthquakes. In addition, the new system also has application significance:1)multiple triggering output can simultaneously start multiple systems and improve the efficiency of observation. Fault instability is a characteristic of transient response, so, its observation requires high-speed acquisition equipment, which is difficult to control on observation; the trigger system is controllable, with active synchronization observation using physical parameters; 2)stress disturbance can be triggered under static and dynamic loads to detect the safety and stability of the fault system with active trigger.

Key words: high-voltage condense, recharge-discharge, wire exploding, dynamic monitoring, earthquake triggering

摘要: 稳定的触发放电系统设计方案是实验室研究触发地震的基础技术之一。文中以金属丝电爆炸法为基础,利用开关电源和自愈式高压脉冲电容器,设计了1套高压脉冲充放电系统。经过实验测试,可实现以下功能:1)高压充电电源系统的电压和电流自主调节,并可在充电完成后进行关断安全保护;2)采用遥控和手动2种控制方式,控制高压电容的充电、释电和触发脉冲放电,其中无线遥控方式大幅提高了断层失稳实验的可操作性及安全性;3)多路触发TTL信号同步输出,实现多系统协同工作,为各观测系统提供对时信号;4)多组气体放电管控制触发放电,可控放电电压范围在500~5000V内可调;5)实时输出放电电压与电流,有利于监测放电过程。总之,新设计的充、放电系统,不仅可以实现目前触发地震实验研究的要求,还可用于静态、动态载荷下触发应力扰动实验,进而通过主动触发实验检验断层系统的稳定性。

关键词: 高压电容器, 充放电, 电爆炸, 动态监测, 触发地震

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