Abstract: The M_S 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake on 12^th May 2008 caused heavy casualties and economic loss.According to the field investigations,the characteristics can be included as follows:The meizoseismal region with an intensity of XI,showing obviously zonal distribution,suffers serious destruction from the earthquake,and the destruction perpendicular to the rupture decreases sharply.At the same time,the intensity X and IX degree regions perpendicular to the rupture are narrow and therefore their coverage area is small.The intensity on both sides of the rupture attenuates rapidly,but the Ⅶ degree region and the VI degree region are wide,the latter region covering about 240,000 square kilometers.In the VI degree region,the damage area perpendicular to the rupture in the southern part is much larger than that of the northern part.Besides,many new understandings about the destruction types and destructive modes of all kinds of buildings,landform and terrain are gained in this paper.

Key words: M_S 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, characteristics of earthquake hazard, intensity distribution

摘要： 2008年5月12日的汶川8.0级特大地震造成了巨大的人员伤亡和经济损失。地震现场考察认为:极震区烈度为Ⅺ度,表现为强烈的带状分布,且破坏很重,地震破坏在垂直于断裂的方向上衰减非常快;Ⅹ度区和Ⅸ度区垂直于断裂的方向上极窄,Ⅹ度区和Ⅸ度区偏小;烈度在断层两侧迅速衰减,但Ⅵ度、Ⅶ度区的影响范围非常大,Ⅵ度区的影响范围约24万km2。垂直于断裂的方向上南部破坏范围在Ⅵ度区远大于北部地区。在不同烈度区均出现了大量的烈度异常点。对各类建(构)筑物、地貌、地形的破坏类型、破坏方式均有了新的认识。

关键词: 汶川8.0级地震, 震害特点, 烈度图