The rupture process of earthquake generally involves multiple fault activities. The seismogenic fault is generally not a single fault plane, but a combination of multiple fault planes. Based on the principle that clustered small earthquakes often occur near the fault plane, and assuming that the hypocenters obey three-dimensional normal distribution around the center of the sub-fault planes, the three-dimensional spatial structure of the Yangbi earthquake fault in Yunnan Province is estimated based on the fuzzy clustering algorithm. The results in this paper are estimated from the perspective of data analysis. The results will be more accurate if the comprehensive analysis can be carried out in combination with geological, geophysical exploration and other means. The fuzzy clustering analysis is mainly carried out for regions with dense seismic source data. Because the program compiled by this method runs fast on an ordinary computer and can be calculated many times in a short time, the best result can be obtained. In this study, the shape of fault zone can be quickly calculated and analyzed, the shape and spatial distribution of branch fault zone is roughly consistent with the seismic distribution, which verifies that this method has certain predictive effect and application value.
Firstly, GK(Gustafson, Kessel)fuzzy clustering method is used to obtain the partition matrix for all sub classes of hypocenter, then the outliers are removed by using the partition matrix and appropriate threshold, and the subclasses containing fault planes are extracted. Finally, the parameters of each fault plane(including position, strike and dip)with 95%confidence level are determined. It is inferred from the results that the hypocenters are distributed along the fault zone almost parallel to the Weixi-Qiaohou Fault and gradually divided into three fault branches to southeast direction. The east branch dips to southwest, which is the main fault, corresponding to two sub fault planes, with strike of 134.22°, 132.65°and dip angle of 87.14°, 81.96°, respectively; the west branch nearly parallels to the east branch with strike and dip of 129.45°and 74.77°, respectively. Except for the three main faults, a blind fault near the Weixi Qiaohou fault zone is identified in this study, with a strike of 235.66°and dip of 66.30°. In this study, we determined the fault structure of the Yunnan Yangbi earthquake sequence by fuzzy clustering algorithm, which is independent of other methods by using seismic wave data, geodetic data and geological data. It is of significance for tectonic and geodynamic studies.
This data analysis algorithm can be applied to the shape analysis and prediction of fault zone by a large number of such source data. In consideration of earthquake prediction and earthquake disaster assessment, the knowledge of fault network structure in the vicinity of large earthquakes will also help to test different assumptions about stress transfer effects.

Based on the rupture model of Mainling M6.9 earthquake in Tibet on November 18, 2017, the spatial distribution of static Coulomb failure stress change at different depths are calculated respectively according to two different receiving fault selection schemes. The one scheme is that we set the parameters of receiving fault at different position to be consistent with the main shock; The other scheme is on the assumption that fault's orientation is randomly distributed under the ground, and we select the receiving fault which is most prone to slide under the influence of coseismic stress field produced by main shock. Therefore, the geometrical orientation of receiving fault will vary with space. According to the above two results of static Coulomb failure stress change, we discussed the static Coulomb stress influence produced by the main shock to short-term aftershocks and the Medog M6.3 earthquake in Tibet on April 24, 2019, respectively. The result shows that: 1)When the parameters of receiving fault are same with the main shock, the proportion of aftershocks in the positive zone of static Coulomb failure stress change is small at each depth. The focal mechanisms of aftershocks in the positive zone of static coulomb fracture stress are deemed similar to the main shock. We thought that they are motivated by the continuous rupture of the main shock. 2)Most of the aftershocks are in the negative zone of static Coulomb failure stress change at each depth. We inferred that this phenomenon which may be on account of the focal mechanisms of these aftershocks is quite different with the main shock. From the result of receiving fault to choose the most prone to slide under the coseismic stress field produced by main shock, we can clearly see that all the aftershocks are within the zone of static Coulomb failure stress change greater than the trigger threshold of 0.01MPa at different depths. It indicates that all the aftershocks are likely to be triggered. It was speculated that the aftershocks in the negative zone of static Coulomb failure stress change occurred in the crushed zone caused by violent rupture of the main shock. There are countless cracks in the crushed zone, and the orientation of these cracks is abundant. Perhaps, because most aftershocks occurred on these various cracks, their focal mechanisms are quite different from the main shock. The value of elastic constants will be reduced significantly in the crushed zone. All the results in this paper also indicate that considering the elastic constants difference between in and out of the source region is beneficial to accurately estimate the static Coulomb stress influence between earthquakes in the source region. 3)Different institutes and authors used different data and methods to get several different focal mechanisms of the Medog earthquake. According to these results, we calculated a central focal mechanism solution, which has a minimum difference with these focal mechanisms. On the basis of this central focal mechanism solution, the static Coulomb stress influence of the Mainling earthquake to the Medog earthquake is calculated quantitatively. Result indicates that the magnitude of static Coulomb failure stress change generated by the Mainling earthquake is quite small on both two nodal planes of the central focal mechanism solution of the Medog earthquake, this means that the Medog earthquake is independent of the Mainling earthquake.

Based on the rupture models of the 2015 Pishan M_W6.4 earthquake and half space homogeneous elastic model, the Coulomb stress changes generated by the earthquake are calculated on the active faults near the earthquake region. The horizontal stress changes and the displacement field are estimated on the area around the epicenter. Results show that:(1)The Coulomb stress is decreased in the west of the western Kunlun frontal thrust fault(9.5×10³Pa), and increased in the east of the western Kunlun frontal thrust fault and the middle of the Kangxiwa faults. More attention should be taken to the seismic rick of the east of the western Kunlun frontal thrust fault; (2)Based on the analysis on the location of the aftershocks, it is found that most of the aftershocks are triggered by the earthquake. In the region of increased Coulomb attraction, the aftershock distribution is more intensive, and in the area of the Coulomb stress reduction, the distribution of aftershocks is relatively sparse; (3)The horizontal area stress increases in the north and south of the earthquake(most part of the Qaidam Basin and the northwest of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau), and decreases in the east and west of the earthquake(northern part of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and eastern part of the Pamir Mountains). In the epicenter area, the principal compressive stress presents nearly NS direction and the principal extensional stress presents nearly EW direction. The principal compressive stress shows an outward radiation pattern centered on the epicenter with the principal extensional stress along the direction of concentric circles. The principal compressive stress presents NW direction to the west of the epicenter, and NE to the east of the epicenter. With the increase of radius, the stress level gradually decays with 10⁷Pa in the epicenter and hundreds Pa in the Maidan Fault which is in the north of the Qaidam Basin.

Based on the rupture models of the 2015 Nepal earthquake sequence and half space homogeneous elastic model, the displacement field near the epicenters is estimated. The horizontal components converge to the epicenters from north and south with maximum value of 871~962mm. The farther the epicenter distance is, the smaller of the horizontal displacement occurred. The displacement on the south side of the epicenters decreases more rapidly than that on the north side as the distance from the epicenter increased. Significant settlement occurred on the north side of the epicenters with maximum of 376~474mm, while large uplift occurred on the epicenters and its south side with maximum value of 626~677mm. Then, the displacement of the peaks of the Himalaya near the epicenters is estimated. The largest displacement occurred at the peak of Shishapangma with 393mm horizontal component and 36mm settlement. Mt. Everest, the world's highest peak, moves 36mm in nearly southward direction with 9mm settlement. The displacements of other peaks of the Himalaya are different with the epicentral distance and azimuth of the 2015 Nepal earthquake sequence.

A collapse happened in Pingyi County, Shandong Province, on December 25, 2015. The displacement field, stress field and Coulomb failure stress change on the Mengshan frontal fault generated by the collapse are calculated by using point collapse model in isotropic medium. The result shows that: (1) The maximum horizontal displacement is located at the center of the collapse with value of~18mm. The horizontal displacements are greater than 1mm within~5km of the collapse with its direction pointing to the collapse center. The maximum subsidence is located at the center of the collapse with the value of 4mm. The subsidence is greater than 1mm within ~3km of the collapse. The displacement field decays so rapidly that can be ignored at far away from the collapse for the shallow source, which caused local displacement field. (2) Influenced by the free surface, the contraction area stress within ~5km of the collapse with the order of 1000Pa and expansion area stress in farther away areas at depth of 2km are estimated. the expansion area stress of 1000Pa is estimated at the~5km from the collapse center. Then the expansion area stress decays to 100Pa at the distance of ~10km from the collapse. The maximum compressive and extensional principal stresses are estimated as 10000Pa at the depth of 2km. The compressive stress axes present radical direction pointing to the collapse within ~5km of the center. In farther away from the collapse, The extensional principal stress axes present radical direction pointing to the center of the collapse. With farther distance to the collapse, the compressive and extensional stress decay rapidly to the order of 100Pa. (3) The Coulomb failure stress on the northwestern part of the Mengshan frontal fault, which is known as active segment of the Mengshan frontal fault, is decreased by the collapse with maximum value of 2500Pa. Whereas, the Coulomb failure stress on the southeastern part of the Mengshan frontal fault, which is known as left-lateral normal slip fault segment in Quaternary period, is increased by the collapse with maximum of 2400Pa, to which attention would be paid in seismic hazard analysis.