关键词: 汶川M_S8.0地震, 普通民众, 地震灾害认知, 地震灾害响应, 勉县

Abstract: In order to find out the cognition and response level of the public to Wenchuan M_S8.0 earthquake and supply a scientific basis for government to establish and implement the disaster-reduction strategy,the paper formulated a questionnaire on the public's cognition and response to earthquake disaster according to the structure system of cognition and response to earthquake disaster.The main index systems in the questionnaire include cognition to the earthquake disaster knowledge,techniques and abilities of defending and reducing the earthquake disaster,the self and mutual help and information dissemination after earthquake.Based on weight and evaluation,the paper constructed the evaluation model for each part of index system and overall evaluation model on cognition and response to earthquake disaster and calculated comprehensive score of the public's cognition and response to earthquake disaster based on it.The results show that in earthquake disaster area of Mianxian county the synthetical score of cognition and response to the earthquake disaster in the public is 49.74,the score of self and mutual help is 53.8,the score of information dissemination after earthquake is 50.9,the score of cognition to the earthquake disaster knowledge is 49.79,and the score of technique and ability of defending and reducing the earthquake disaster is 47.2.The main conclusions are as follows.(1)The comprehensive level and ability of the public's cognition and response to earthquake disaster is very low,and the earthquake knowledge acquisition and technique and ability of defending and reducing earthquake disaster need to be improved greatly.(2)The public's technique and ability of defending and reducing earthquake disaster is the worst,the knowledge acquaintance level of earthquake disaster comes second,and the self and mutual help and information dissemination are a little better.(3)The public's understanding to earthquake knowledge and views still stays in superficies,and the understanding to the complex abstract earthquake knowledge,especially the accurate acquaintance and deep understanding of earthquake knowledge need further improved.(4)In view of the main channels for the public gaining information after the earthquake,to enhance the publicity by the government on the knowledge and skill of preventing earthquake disaster and publicize earthquake information are one of the effective ways to reduce earthquake disaster.

Key words: the Wenchuan M_S 8.0 earthquake, the public, earthquake disaster cognition, earthquake disaster response, Mianxian county