地震地质 ›› 2012, Vol. ›› Issue (4): 835-849.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2012.04.025

• 地震应急与综合减灾 • 上一篇    

青海玉树地区小学生认知地震灾害现状的描述统计特点

仵焕杰1,2, 苏桂武2, 魏本勇2, 田青3, 刘峰贵1   

  1. 1. 青海师范大学, 西宁 810008;
    2. 中国地震局地质研究所, 北京 100029;
    3. 北京师范大学, 北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2012-06-18 修回日期:2012-07-19 出版日期:2012-12-30 发布日期:2012-12-28
  • 通讯作者: 苏桂武,研究员,E-mail:suguwu@263.net;suguiw@ies.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(40971274);中国地震局地震行业科研专项(201208018)和中国地震局地质研究所基本科研业务专项(IGCEA1108)联合资助。

DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICAL FEATURES OF EARTHQUAKE DISASTER AWARENESS OF THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN YUSHU AREA, QINGHAI PROVINCE, CHINA

WU Huan-jie1,2, SU Gui-wu2, WEI Ben-yong2, TIAN Qing3, LIU Feng-gui1   

  1. 1. School of Life and Geographic Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China;
    2. Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China;
    3. Environmental Education Center, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • Received:2012-06-18 Revised:2012-07-19 Online:2012-12-30 Published:2012-12-28

PDF (PC)

摘要：

以2010年4月14日青海玉树MS7.1地震为例,借助问卷调查,对该地区小学生认知地震灾害的现状进行了初步分析,讨论了其防震减灾教育意义。主要结论如下: 1)当地小学生对地震灾害基本知识及其相互关系的掌握差; 对地震是自然现象认识不清,甚至有严重的错误; 基本不知道只有政府部门才有权发布地震预报; 大部分小学生不能辨别地震谣言; 对紧急避震注意事项的了解差,对各具体注意事项的知晓率均在50%以下。加强针对该地区小学生的防震减灾宣传教育工作任重而道远。2)亲身经历了玉树MS7.1地震发生的全过程后,当地小学生对地震灾害知识与防震减灾技能的求知欲明显提高,应抓紧时机,加强针对性的教育与宣传。3)玉树小学生学习和了解地震灾害知识与防震减灾技能的途径主要来自课堂、书本及老师的传授; 其次是学校针对性的宣传; 寺院、政府和科普书籍的作用大致相当; 广播、电视、报纸、手机短信和网络等没有优势。因此需要强化学校教育,同时推动当地政府的宣传教育工作,并恰当地发挥宗教人士的作用。

关键词: 地震灾害, 认知, 小学生, 玉树MS7.1地震

Abstract:

By taking the MS7.1 earthquake occurring in Yushu area,Qinghai Province on April 14th,2010 as an example,the descriptive statistical features and their educational implications of the earthquake disaster awareness(EDA) in elementary school students in Yushu area were analyzed preliminarily through questionnaire survey method. The main conclusions are as follows: (1)The EDA level of the targeted students in this area is very low. Firstly,the vast majority of them do not know what the earthquake origin is,can not identify earthquake rumors,and do not know that only the government department that has the authority to release earthquake prediction. In addition,most of them do not know how to escape from dangers quickly and safely when an earthquake happens. The surveyed data show the knowing rates of each of the specific attention-required items during the earthquake emergency are all less than 50%.All of these facts prove strongly that it is very important to intensify ceaselessly the earthquake disaster education in that area.(2)The desire of most elementary school students to learn more knowledge and skills of earthquake disaster reduction has increased after the earthquake. Therefore,it is more important to improve the publicity and education on earthquake prevention and disaster reduction in the study area.(3)The main ways of getting the earthquake knowledge and the earthquake disaster coping skills are the classroom targeted education and publicity in school. The role of religious figures,government and popular science books in publicity and education of the knowledge and disaster-coping skill of the earthquake has no significant difference,which are also the important information sources of earthquake knowledge for most elementary school students. However,the effects of radio,television,newspapers,mobile phones and the internet on publicity of earthquake knowledge are very limited,which is different with that from the investigation of other areas. Therefore,it is more necessary to strengthen the publicity of earthquake knowledge by reinforcing the school education and bringing into better play the roles of the government and the monastery.

Key words: earthquake disaster, awareness, elementary school students, Yushu earthquake

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