Abstract: Resistivity tomography(RT) is a technique determining the resistivity distribution within the studied area based on the measurements of potential and current values on the boundaries. It is essentially different from the acoustic and electromagnetic tomography. In this paper,the mathematical principle of RT is presented,then a few main reconstruction methods are systematically analyzed and concluded according to the integral transform,linear iterative and nonlinear iterative methods. For calculating the Jacobian partial derivative matrix,three methods are briefly discussed. Two field’s tomograms in the surface and crosswell exploration are provided as well. The feature and limits of RT are finally discussed in brief.

Key words: Ground resistivity, Tomography, Nonlinear inversion, Image reconstruction

摘要： 电阻率层析成像的基本原理是根据研究区域边界处的电压和电流值确定区域内部电阻率的分布,它同声波和电磁波层析成像的原理有着本质的不同。根据电阻率层析成像的数学原理,从积分变换、线性迭代反演和非线性迭代反演3种基本的反演途径系统地分析和归纳了当前几种主要的电阻率图像重建方法,并讨论了雅可比偏导数矩阵的求解。已开展的电阻率层析成像的野外观测试验,给出了实测的井间和地表两种观测系统的成像结果,分析了技术应用中的特点与限制。

关键词: 地电阻率, 层析成像, 非线性反演, 图像重建