地震地质 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 784-800.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2018.04.005

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于高分辨率影像的宽滩山北缘断裂带右旋走滑特征及其构造意义的初步研究

郭长辉1, 李安1, 刘睿1,2, 张世民1   

  1. 1 中国地震局地壳应力研究所, 地壳动力学重点实验室, 北京 100085;
    2 中国地震局地质研究所, 北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-15 修回日期:2018-03-28 出版日期:2018-08-20 发布日期:2018-09-26
  • 通讯作者: 李安,男,副研究员,主要从事活动构造和古地震研究,E-mail:antares_lee@163.com
  • 作者简介:郭长辉,男,1990年生,中国地震局地壳应力研究所在读硕士研究生,从事活动构造研究,E-mail:krin0312@sina.com。
  • 基金资助:
    中国地震局地壳应力研究所基本科研业务专项(ZDJ2014-12)、国家自然科学基金(41402185)和中国地震活断层探察南北地震带北段项目(201408023)共同资助

A PRELIMINARY RESEARCH ON THE RIGHT-LATERAL STRIKE-SLIP CHARACTERISTICS AND THE STRUCTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE NORTHERN KUANTANSHAN FAULTS, HEXI CORRIDER, BASED ON HIGH-RESOLUTION IMAGERY

GUO Chang-hui1, LI An1, LIU Rui1,2, ZHANG Shi-min1   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Crustal Dynamics, Institute of Crustal Dynamics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100085, China;
    2 Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2017-11-15 Revised:2018-03-28 Online:2018-08-20 Published:2018-09-26

摘要: 阿尔金断裂在河西走廊西端的酒西盆地附近左旋走滑特征逐渐消失,而其东侧的宽滩山断裂和黑山北缘断裂表现为逆冲构造。在宽滩山北侧分布的2条断裂,分别是塔尔湾-池家刺窝断裂和干峡山断裂,这2条断裂也表现出明显的活动特征。前人认为塔尔湾-池家刺窝断裂是1条低活动速率的逆冲断裂,并未对其水平运动进行详细研究。宽滩山北缘断裂带是否存在水平走滑运动,对于进一步探讨阿尔金走滑断裂和祁连山北缘逆冲断裂的构造转换模式,具有非常重要的意义。文中通过无人机SfM摄影测量等野外工作,对宽滩山北缘的塔尔湾-池家刺窝断裂和干峡山断裂的走滑运动特征进行研究,并获得了2点初步认识:1)宽滩山北缘断裂是具有右旋兼有逆冲的活动断裂,通过对宽滩山北缘断裂带的河流冲沟和阶地的位错量进行统计,初步估计其晚更新世右旋走滑速率为0.2~0.25mm/a,全新世右旋走滑速率为0.5~1.5mm/a;2)宽滩山北缘断裂所在的河西走廊西端位置的构造主要驱动力来自于祁连山向北的挤压作用,造成了宽滩山北缘断裂的右旋走滑和酒西盆地内多条断裂的逆冲运动性质。

关键词: 塔尔湾-池家刺窝断裂, 干峡山断裂, 右旋走滑, 无人机测量

Abstract: The sinistral strike-slip characteristic of the Altyn Tagh Fault gradually disappears near the Jiuxi Basin at the west end of Hexi Corridor, and the Kuantanshan Fault and the northern marginal fault of Heishan on its east are thrust structures. There are two faults distributed in the north of Kuantanshan, namely, the Taerwan-Chijiaciwo Fault and the Ganxiashan Fault, both are featured with obvious activity. Predecessors thought that the Taerwan-Chijiaciwo Fault is a thrust fault with low movement rate, but there is few detailed study on its horizontal motion. Is there horizontal strike-slip movement in the northern marginal fault of Kuantanshan? This issue has an important significance to further explore the structural transformation mode between the Altyn Tagh strike-slip faults and the northern thrust faults in the north margin of Qilianshan. Using high resolution remote sensing images and field work, such as combining with UAV SfM photogrammetry, the paper studies the strike-slip characteristics of the Taerwan-Chijiaciwo Fault and Ganxiashan Fault on the northern margin of Kuantanshan, and get two preliminary understandings:(1) The northern marginal fault of Kuantanshan is an active right-lateral strike-slip fault with thrust component, the horizontal to vertical dislocation ratio is about 3-4 times. Based on the statistics of dislocation amount of the gullies and terraces along the north marginal Kuantanshan fault, it is preliminarily estimated that the late Pleistocene right-lateral strike-slip rate is about 0.2-0.25 mm/a and the Holocene right-lateral strike-slip rate is about 0.5-1.5 mm/a. (2) The main driving force to the tectonics at the western end of Hexi Corridor, where the northern marginal fault of Kuantanshan locates, comes from the northward extrusion of the Qilian Mountains, which results in the right-lateral strike-slip of the northern marginal fault of Kuananshan and the thrust movement of several faults inside the Jiuxi Basin. The effect of the Altyn Tagh Fault on other tectonic structures is not obvious in this region.

Key words: Taerwan-Chijiaciwo Fault, Ganxiashan Fault, right-lateral strike-slip, UAV Photogrammetry

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