地震地质 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 736-752.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2022.03.011

• 极低频地震电磁专题文章 • 上一篇    下一篇

强电磁干扰环境下的大地电磁数据特征及处理

韩静1)(), 詹艳1),*(), 孙翔宇1), 赵国泽1), 刘雪华1), 包雨鑫1), 孙建宝1), 彭远黔2)   

  1. 1)中国地震局地质研究所, 地震动力学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029
    2)河北省地震局, 石家庄 050021
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-23 修回日期:2021-04-22 出版日期:2022-06-20 发布日期:2022-08-02
  • 通讯作者: 詹艳
  • 作者简介:韩静, 女, 1996年生, 2021年于中国地震局地质研究所获固体地球物理学专业硕士学位, 研究方向为大地电磁测深方法与应用, E-mail: han_jing_cd@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1504103);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1500103);鹤壁市活断层探测与地震危险性评价和河北省技术创新引导计划项目科技冬奥专项(19975412D)

CHARACTERISTICS AND PROCESSING OF MAGNETOTELLURIC DATA UNDER STRONG ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE ENVIRONMENT

HAN Jing1)(), ZHAN Yan1),*(), SUN Xiang-yu1), ZHAO Guo-ze1), LIU Xue-hua1), BAO YU-xin1), SUN Jian-bao1), PENG Yuan-qian2)   

  1. 1) State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China
    2) Hebei Earthquake Agency, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
  • Received:2021-02-23 Revised:2021-04-22 Online:2022-06-20 Published:2022-08-02
  • Contact: ZHAN Yan

摘要:

随着国民经济建设的发展, 高速铁路、 风力和光伏发电站、 大型输电网等遍布各个地区, 在这些强电磁干扰环境下, 能否获取或如何获取优质的大地电磁观测数据是亟待解决的问题。 近2年来, 我们在银川、 运城、 鹤壁和张家口4个测区开展了大地电磁测量, 对约500个测点的数据采集和处理结果进行了分类总结, 梳理出高速铁路、 电气化铁路、 风力发电站、 光伏发电站、 大型输电网等强电磁干扰环境下的45个典型测点。 文中介绍了这45个测点谱数据的处理过程, 展示了最终获取的视电阻率和阻抗相位曲线。 结果说明, 在强电磁干扰环境下采取加长观测时间的策略, 使用优质的远参考数据对测区数据进行远参处理, 采用非Robust法估计并仔细地选择谱数据, 是在强电磁干扰环境下获取质量合格甚至优良的大地电磁数据的有效措施。

关键词: 大地电磁观测, 强电磁干扰, 远参考处理, 非Robust

Abstract:

With the development of national economic construction, high-speed railway, wind power stations, and photovoltaic power stations, large-scale high voltage power grids are widely distributed. Under these strong electromagnetic interference environments, obtaining high-quality magnetotelluric(MT)observation data is a practical problem. We carried out MT observation in Yinchuan, Yuncheng, Hebi, and Zhangjiakou in the past two years, and based on the data acquisition and processing results of around 500 MT stations in these four survey areas, 45 typical MT stations under strong electromagnetic interference environments are selected. Based on the nearest interference source, we sorted out these stations into seven kinds of strong electromagnetic interference environment. The seven kinds of strong electromagnetic interference environment are high-speed railway(0.5~1km), electrified railway(1.3~3.7km), wind power station(0.1~3.7km), photovoltaic power station(2~9km), large-scale high voltage power grids(0.06~0.4km), colliery(0.15~1km), and city(0.05~0.8km). The apparent resistivity curve obtained from processing of the typical MT station’s original data shows that the electromagnetic interference near the high-speed railway, electrified railway, and photovoltaic power station is mainly near-field interference. The mid-band frequency apparent resistivity curve of MT stations under near-field interferences rises along an angle of 45° while the impedance phase curve tends to 0. The electromagnetic interference of wind power generation facilities on MT data is relatively small. Large-scale high voltage power grids, colliery, and urban integrated electromagnetic interference are reflected in the apparent resistivity curve as discrete “outlier” with single or multiple frequency points. The curve does not have a stable shape at all. For the 45 typical MT stations listed in this paper under the strong electromagnetic interference environment, the data collection time covers two nights. The use of remote reference, non-robust processing, and fine spectrum selection for the full-time time series data improves MT data quality. The process of obtaining effective spectrum data and the results show that to get effective magnetotelluric data in a strong electromagnetic interference environment, the MT data observation time should include at least two nights(41h). Secondly, when the seven types of strong electromagnetic interference cannot be avoided, the MT stations should be placed at a distance of no less than 0.5km from high-speed railways, 1.3km from electrified railways, 2km from photovoltaic power stations, 0.2km from large-scale high voltage power grids, and 0.3km from colliery. It is also recommended that the distance of MT station shall be no less than 0.2km from electric wires, no less than 0.3km from transformers, and no less than 0.5km from thermal power stations in the comprehensive urban disturbance. The wind power stations have little effect on magnetotelluric data. Finally, a high-quality remote reference shall be used in the data processing. The use of this data can effectively suppress the influence of electromagnetic near-field interference by performing remote reference processing and estimating the spectrum data with the non-robust method.

Key words: magnetotelluric observation, strong electromagnetic interference, remote-reference, non-robust

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